FUNCTIONAL AND SEMANTIC EXTENSION OF THE SENTENCE OF THE MODERN UKRAINIAN LITERARY LANGUAGE

The latest linguistic research has witnessed a strengthening of the analytical consideration of syntactic semantics, the introduction of functional-semantic approach to determining the specifics of the sentence, its nucleus and potentially nucleus components in the inter-categorical section. It is obvious that the analysis of the sentence semantic organization takes into consideration the functions of individual syntaxemes, their system relations network, as well as syntactic properties of grammatical classes of words. At the same time, there arises a problem of complex analysis and interpretation of the mechanisms of semantics and functioning of a syntactic organization in general, as well as each of its units in particular. Typology of the syntactic system of the Ukrainian language, introduction of changes into the "from semantics to function", "from function to semantics", "complex, semantic and functional potential" ideas, all these contribute to the study of syntactic constructions on both the superficial and deep meaning levels. It is noteworthy that linguistic semantics relies on the idea of "non-alternative picture of the world" that is a generalized picture of a one-dimensional type, which excludes the option of complementary and mutually contradictory procedures in its interpretation. Singling out of the extenders in the syntactic plane is connected to the extending way of thinking of the individual, which provides a defining conceptual background of scientific developments, acting as a tool for understanding reality in general and the extending basis of sentence construction in particular. It is the extended view of the surrounding reality allows interpreting the branched system of semantic components and meanings in various structural syntactic units. Given that the sentence, its structure, responsible for the unity of both the superficial and deep meaning, is the sphere of functioning of syntactically tuned elements, and, therefore, a multifaceted unit allowing interaction of formal, semantic and syntactic features of sentence entities, it is the multifaceted nature of a sentence that provides the context for extenders study. Functional-semantic extension of the sentence consists of a four-component hierarchy of extender models: elementary extender; extender complex; extender system; megaextender, and that indicates the semantic potential of the studied syntactic units both from the standpoint of potentially main / main predication, and in terms of functioning in a framework of simple and complex sentences. The study of the problem is complemented by transformational intentions of the extending components, and it allows reaching to the deep meaning of the sentence through functional-semantic features.


INTRODUCTION
The latest linguistic research has witnessed a strengthening of the analytical consideration of syntactic semantics, the introduction of functional-semantic approach to determining the specifics of the sentence, its nucleus and potentially nucleus components in the inter-categorical section. According to V. Kononenko the functional-semantic dimension is the sphere for the analysis of the semantic structure of many typical predicate components, taking into account the means of their representation, given that the phenomenon of predication can be viewed from several aspects, in particular as a manifestation of interaction of not one but several semantic components that characterize the predicate center in this or that way [6 Predicate in sentence structure. Kyiv; Ivano-Frankivsk; Warsaw, 2012. p.8]. It is obvious that the analysis of the sentence semantic organization takes into consideration the functions of individual syntaxemes, their system relations network, as well as syntactic properties of grammatical classes of words [4 Zagnitko A.P. Theory of modern syntax. Donetsk, 2008. S. 210]. In particular, scientific study of the status of the main members of a sentence and its secondary members, contributing to its extension, requires a holistic analysis and revising of traditional scientific paradigms concerning classification systems of propagating semantics based on either one feature (formal, semantic, pragmatic, functional, etc.) or several features, taking into account their complex representation (formal-semantic, functional-semantic, etc.).
At the same time, there arises a problem of complex analysis and interpretation of the mechanisms of semantics and functioning of a syntactic organization in general, as well as each of its units in particular. Typology of the syntactic system of the Ukrainian language, introduction of changes into the "from semantics to function", "from function to semantics", "complex, semantic and functional potential" ideas, all these contribute to the study of syntactic constructions on both the superficial and deep meaning levels.

THEORETICAL BACKGROUND
The definition of the research functional aspect is related to the interpretation of the concept of 'function' within the syntactic units terminological paradigm. Vykhovanets I.R. argues that "syntactic function reflects the behavior (i.e. of a smaller unit) in the system of a certain whole (i.e. of a larger unit from a certain standpoint), the element-substrate of the function in the surrounding environment" [1 Vykhovanets I.R. Essays on the functional syntax of the Ukrainian language. Kyiv, 1992. P. 5]. In a broad sense, in linguistics a function is designed to outline the purpose of language in human society, the role of the language unit when used in speech.
To have the researched components properly marked further, there is a need to clarify the interpretations of the concept of 'sentence scheme structure'. It is traditionally perceived as an abstract sample sentence, which includes a necessary minimum of components for its construction. The notion of the minimum of components can be based either on the formal organization of the sentence as predicate units, or on the formal or semantic structure of the sentence, i.e. the structural sentence sufficiency. Taking into account the polarization of the ideas of the formal and semantic approaches in the study of the functional potential of the sentence components, the semantic understanding of the structural scheme is favoured.
It is noteworthy that linguistic semantics relies on the idea of "non-alternative picture of the world" that is a generalized picture of a one-dimensional type, which excludes the option of complementary and mutually contradictory procedures in its interpretation. In this context, Demenchuk O.V. advocates both need and expediency of modeling the content of a linguistic unit or class of linguistic units on the example of the concept of a multidimensional type of situation, which mimics the dynamics of the world of discourse conceptualization from the perspective of different worldview variants

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
Singling out of the extenders in the syntactic plane is connected to the extending way of thinking of the individual, which provides a defining conceptual background of scientific developments, acting as a tool for understanding reality in general and the extending basis of sentence construction in particular. It is the extended view of the surrounding reality allows interpreting the branched system of semantic components and meanings in various structural syntactic units.
Extenders are qualified as minimal syntactic units characterized by the totality and structured unity of their semantic content, which results from the synthesis of one, two or more components characterized by combined functional-semantic properties that act as syntaxemes for both the substantive and predicative components. [When the night came, the mother-in-law moaned as she dreamt of radiation]. Therefore, extenders determine temporal and causal identifications, being situated in the initial and final positions of the sentence model, thus, one can speak of a temporal-causal relationship -"superpredicate". According to Kononenko V.I., transformational procedures at the sentence level determine whether it is possible to reduce the predicate value to the concert concept in its multidimensional meanings and realizations [5 Kononenko V.I. Concepts of Ukrainian discourse. Kyiv; Ivano-Frankivsk, 2004. P. [5][6][7], which provides a possibility to consider semantically charged and functionally tuned extending components as conceptual units. 4. Mega-extender -ambiguous in the interpreting theory, the example being: (12) Інколи вечером, коли сон підсувався до ліжка так близенько, що своїми мохнатими пальцями торкався повік,

Дарка бачила двадцять дев'ятого червня, який вимахував не то бомбоньєрою з цукерками, не то листівкою з голубчиком, що несе лист у дзубку [Sometimes in the evenings, when the sleep crawled to the bed so closely that its furry fingers touched the eyelids, Darka saw the twenty-ninth of June, which was waving with what seemed either a packet of sweets, or a postcard with a dove carrying a letter in
its beak] -a model of a Mega-extender, which acts as an initial-final outline with a temporal-attributive functional-semantic meaning. The statements under study go beyond the so-called simple sentence, and this indicates that the extender has the potential to function completely fine as part of a complex sentence, from the traditional point of view.
Given that the sentence, its structure, responsible for the unity of both the superficial and deep meaning, is the sphere of functioning of syntactically tuned elements, and, therefore, a multifaceted unit allowing interaction of formal, semantic and syntactic features of sentence entities, it is the multifaceted nature of a sentence that provides the context for extenders study. Our special attention goes to the functional-semantic dimension, because, according to the most common point of view of Slavic linguistics, it is a predicate, or even a subjective predicate structure that creates as a semantic invariant of the sentence, that acts as the basis of the transfer of the basic meaning or situation [7 Kononenko I.V. Typology of sentence members in Slavic languages. Warsaw, 2020. p. 188.].