RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF THE FUNCTIONING OF THE FISCAL MECHANISM IN UKRAINE AND ITS ADAPTATION TO SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.15330/apred.2.21.113-122Keywords:
fiscal mechanism, sustainable development, periodization, adaptation, economic stabilityAbstract
The article provides a retrospective analysis of the formation and development of Ukraine's fiscal mechanism in the context of the transformational changes that took place during 1991–2025. The purpose of the article is to conduct a retrospective analysis of the development of the fiscal mechanism in Ukraine from 1991 to 2025 in order to identify the key stages of transformation, influencing factors and systemic problems, as well as to form methodological foundations for its further improvement in the context of sustainable development challenges. To achieve the research objective, the following methods were used: historical and logical method for a consistent analysis of the evolution of the fiscal mechanism in the context of economic and political changes; comparative analysis to compare the main characteristics of fiscal policy at different stages of development; a systematic approach to determine the structure of the fiscal mechanism as an integrated system, taking into account the interrelationships between its elements. Based on periodization, the key stages of the fiscal system's evolution have been identified, in particular: the formation of basic elements after independence; institutional consolidation of tax and budgetary principles; introduction of a codified regulatory model; decentralization of fiscal powers; digitalization of tax administration; adaptation to the conditions of war and sustainable development challenges. Particular attention is paid to analysing the impact of political and macroeconomic factors on the functioning of the fiscal mechanism, as well as its role in ensuring budget stability, economic recovery and the achievement of national sustainable development goals.
The study identified the strengths and weaknesses of the fiscal mechanism's transformation, established its dynamic dependence on external shocks and domestic policy, and outlined prospects for reform, taking into account the European integration course and the needs of post-war recovery. The results can be used in the formulation of Ukraine's fiscal policy strategies aimed at sustainable growth, transparency, decentralization and effective public finance management.
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