Dielectric, ferroelectric and optical properties of Na and Nb co-doped (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.94Ba0.06TiO3

Asif Ali; Hina Zahid

doi:10.15330/pcss.22.4.607-613

Authors

Asif Ali Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan
Hina Zahid Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15330/pcss.22.4.607-613

Keywords:

BaTiO3, Bi0.5Na0.5TiO3, Dielectric properties, Ferroelectric properties, Energy density

Abstract

[(Bi_0.5Na_0.5)_0.94Ba_0.06]_1-xNaTi_1-xNbO₃ (x = 0.5 and 0.10) ceramics were prepared via conventional solid-state sintering route. X-ray diffraction analysis of the samples exhibited the formation of the cubic structure. Similar structure was observed from the Raman spectra of the samples. The optical band gap of the samples slightly decreased from 3.08 to 3.06 eV with increasing level of Na⁺ and Nb⁵⁺. The addition of Na⁺ and Nb⁵⁺ shifted T_m towards room temperature (RT). The sample x = 0.05 had a stable relative permittivity ɛ_r(mid) = 3914 across the temperature range 79-350 ℃ and tanδ < 0.025 (104-279 ℃). The energy density of sample with x = 0.05 was 0.4 J/cm³ which decreased to 0.32 J/cm³ at an applied electric field of 50 kV/cm with further substitution of Na⁺ and Nb⁵⁺ (i.e., x = 0.10).

References

R.H. Havemann, B.E. Gnade, C.-C. Cho, Porous dielectric material with a passivation layer for electronics applications (Google Patents, 1997).

R. Muhammad, Y. Iqbal, I.M. Reaney, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 99, 2089 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14212.

R. Muhammad, Y. Iqbal, Ceram. Int. 42, 19413 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.08.152.

S.-E. Park, T.R. Shrout, J. Appl. Phys. 82, 1804 (1997); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.365983.

K. Yao, S. Chen, M. Rahimabady, M.S. Mirshekarloo, S. Yu, F.E.H. Tay, T. Sritharan, L. Lu, IEEE Trans. Sonics Ultrason. 58, 1968 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1109/TUFFC.2011.2039.

B. Ma, M. Narayanan, S. Tong, U. Balachandran, J. Mater. Sci. 45, 151 (2010); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-009-3910-0.

N. Zhang, L. Li, J. Chen, J. Yu, Mater. Lett. 138, 228 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2014.09.123.

Y. Li, W. Chen, Q. Xu, J. Zhou, X. Gu, Mater. Lett. 59, 1361 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2004.12.041.

V. Shuvaeva, D. Zekria, A. Glazer, Q. Jiang, S. Weber, P. Bhattacharya, P. Thomas, Phys. Rev. B 71, 174114 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.71.174114.

R. Muhammad, A. Khesro, M. Uzair, J. Electron. Mater. 45, 4083 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1007/s11664-016-4589-z.

A. Zeb, S. Milne, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 26, 9243 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3707-7.

V.R. Mudinepalli, N.R. Reddy, W.-C. Lin, K.S. Kumar, B. Murty, Adv. Mater. Lett. 6, 27 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1007/s12648-015-0743-3.

S.T. Zhang, A.B. Kounga, E. Aulbach, Y. Deng, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 91, 3950 (2008); https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02778.x.

M. Isaza-Ruiz, J. Henon, O. Durand-Panteix, G. Etchegoyen, F. Rossignol, P. Marchet, Ceram. Int. 42, 14635 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.06.084.

X.S. Qiao, X.M. Chen, H.L. Lian, W.T. Chen, J.P. Zhou, P. Liu, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 99, 198 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13941.

X. Lu, J. Xu, L. Yang, C. Zhou, Y. Zhao, C. Yuan, Q. Li, G. Chen, H. Wang, J. Materiomics 2, 87 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmat.2016.02.001.

F. Gao, X. Dong, C. Mao, H. Zhang, F. Cao, G. Wang, J. Appl. Phys. 110, 094109 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3660283.

Q. Xu, H. Liu, Z. Song, X. Huang, A. Ullah, L. Zhang, J. Xie, H. Hao, M. Cao, Z. Yao, J. Mater. Sci.: Mater. Electron. 27, 322 (2016); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-015-3757-x.

R. Muhammad, J. Camargo, A. Prado, M.S. Castro, Mater. Lett. 233, 258 (2018); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matlet.2018.09.022.

R. Muhammad, A. Ali, J. Camargo, M.S. Castro, ChemistrySelect. 5, 3730 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1002/slct.202000243.

Q. Xu, T. Li, H. Hao, S. Zhang, Z. Wang, M. Cao, Z. Yao, H. Liu, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 35, 545 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2014.09.003.

R.D. Shannon, Acta Crystallogr. A 32, 751 (1976); https://doi.org/10.1107/S0567739476001551.

Q. Xu, Z. Song, W. Tang, H. Hao, L. Zhang, M. Appiah, M. Cao, Z. Yao, Z. He, H. Liu, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 98, 3119 (2015); https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.13693.

M.K. Niranjan, T. Karthik, S. Asthana, J. Pan, U.V. Waghmare, J. Appl. Phys. 113, 194106 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4804940.

J. Hao, B. Shen, J. Zhai, C. Liu, X. Li, X. Gao, J. Appl. Phys. 113, 114106 (2013); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4795511.

R. Muhammad, A. Khesro, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 100, 1091 (2017); https://doi.org/10.1111/jace.14684.

D. Tenne, A. Soukiassian, M. Zhu, A. Clark, X. Xi, H. Choosuwan, Q. He, R. Guo, A. Bhalla, Phys. Rev. B 67, 012302 (2003); https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.67.012302.

R.D. Shannon, J. Appl. Phys. 73, 348 (1993); https://doi.org/10.1063/1.353856.

J. Suchanicz, I. Jankowska-Sumara, T.V. Kruzina, J. Electroceram. 27, 45 (2011); https://doi.org/10.1007/s10832-011-9648-5.

I. Siny, E. Husson, J. Beny, S. Lushnikov, E. Rogacheva, P. Syrnikov, Ferroelectrics 248, 57 (2000); https://doi.org/10.1080/00150190008223669.

M. Zannen, A. Lahmar, M. Dietze, H. Khemakhem, A. Kabadou, M. Es-Souni, Mater. Chem. Phys. 134, 829 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2012.03.076.