Barriers and Opportunities for Entrepreneurship Development in Ukraine: Towards a Sustainable and Resilient Economic Future

Abstract

This article explores the key barriers and emerging opportunities for entrepreneurship development in Ukraine in the context of economic transformation, post-war recovery, and the pursuit of sustainable development. Ukraine’s entrepreneurial ecosystem has long been hindered by institutional and regulatory challenges typical of post-Soviet transition economies, including complex administrative procedures, corruption risks, limited access to capital, and a large informal sector. These challenges have been significantly exacerbated by the full-scale war since 2022, which has disrupted markets, destroyed infrastructure, and created unprecedented uncertainty. At the same time, new opportunities have emerged. The digitalization of government services, the expansion of international support programs, and the proactive adaptation of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) to wartime conditions signal the potential for entrepreneurial revitalization. This article synthesizes academic literature, international reports, and statistical data to examine the dual nature of Ukraine’s entrepreneurial environment, characterized by both persistent constraints and emerging resilience. Special attention is paid to financial barriers, institutional reform, the role of digital platforms such as Diia, and the increasing involvement of women and displaced persons in entrepreneurial activity. The research underscores the importance of public-private partnerships and strategic alignment with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly those related to inclusive economic growth and employment. The findings suggest that entrepreneurship can become a key driver of Ukraine’s long-term resilience and reconstruction if targeted policies are implemented to dismantle structural barriers, scale inclusive financing mechanisms, and promote entrepreneurial education and innovation. Practical policy recommendations are offered to assist government institutions, development partners, and local stakeholders in strengthening Ukraine’s entrepreneurial ecosystem during the post-war period.