Influence of Zr and V dopants on the degree of the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase formation by mechanochemistry

Authors

  • D.S. Korablov Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • O.G. Ershova Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • O.Yu. Koval Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • А.R. Коpаn Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
  • Yu.M. Solonin Frantsevich Institute for Problems of Materials Science, NAS of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.15330/pcss.27.3.463-467

Keywords:

MAX phases, Ti3SiC2, mechano-chemical method, unit cell

Abstract

As a result of mechanically activated self-propagating synthesis, from the initial mixture of Ti, Si, and C powders or a mixture of Ti, Si, and C powders with the addition of 5 wt. % Zr or with the addition of 5 wt. % V, the MAX phase Ti3SiC2 was obtained. The effect of doping the MAX phase Ti3SiC2 with zirconium and vanadium on the degree of its formation was investigated. It was found that doping the MAX phase Ti3SiC2 with 5 wt. % V led to an increase in its amount and, accordingly, a decrease in the amount of the secondary TiC phase in the final product. When doping the MAX phase with 5 wt. % Zr, on the contrary, its amount decreased, and the amount of the TiC phase increased.

References

M. Sokol, V. Natu, S. Kota, On the chemical diversity of the MAX phases, Trends Chem, 1 (2), 210 (2019); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.trechm.2019.02.016.

M.W. Barsoum, The MN+1AXN phases: A new class of solids: Thermodynamically stable nanolaminates, Prog Solid State Chem, 28, 201, (2000); https://doi.org/10.1016/S0079-6786(00)00006-6.

D.P. Riley, E.H. Kisi, The design of crystalline precursors for the synthesis of MAXn phases and their application to Ti3AlC2, J Am Ceram Soc, 90, 2231, (2007); https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2007.01728.x.

L.L. Zheng, J. J. Li, M. S. Li, Y. C. Zhou, Investigation on the properties of Nb and Al doped Ti3SiC2 as a new interconnect material for IT-SOFC. Int J Hydrogen Energy, 37, 1084 (2012); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2011.02.083.

J.Y. Wang, Y.C. Zhou, T. Liao, J. Zhang, Z. J. Lin, A first-principles investigation of the phase stability of Ti2AlC with Al vacancies, Scr Mater, 58, 227.(2008); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.09.048.

K. Wang, H. Du, Z. Wang, M. Gao, H. Pan, Y. Liu, Novel MAX-phase Ti3AlC2 catalyst for improving the reversible hydrogen storage properties of MgH2. Int. journal of hydrogen energy, 42 ( 7), 4244 (2017); http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.10.073.

Ding Haimin, Glandut Nicolas, Fan Xiaoliang, Liu Qing, Shi Yu, Jie Jinchuan, First-principles study of hydrogen incorporation into the MAX phase Ti3AlC2, Іnt. journal of hydrogen energy, 41, 6387, (2016); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2016.03.015.

S. Zhengyang, W. Zeyi, Z. Min, G. Mingxia, H. Jianjiang, D. Fang, L. Yongfeng, P. Hongge, A novel solid-solution MXene (Ti0.5V0.5)3C2 with high catalytic activity for hydrogen storage in MgH2. Materialia, 1, 114 (2018); https://doi.org/doi.org/10.1016/j.mtla.2018.04.007.

I. Kirian, A. Lakhnik, V. Voynash, A. Rud, The effect of the max-phase Ti3AlC2 on hydrogen storage properties of Mg. Int. Scient. J. Materials science. non-equilibrium phase transformations, 4, 127 (2019).

Haizhen Liu, Xingqing Duan, Zhiye Wu, Hui Luo, Xinhua Wang, Cunke Huang, Zhiqiang Lan, Wenzheng Zhou, Jin Guo, Mohammad Ismail, Exfoliation of compact layered Ti2VAlC2 MAX to open layered Ti2VC2 MXene towards enhancing the hydrogen storage properties of MgH2. Chemical Engineering Journal, 468, 143688 (2023); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cej.2023.143688.

M. Naguib, M.W. Barsoum, Y. Gogotsi, Ten years of progress in the synthesis and development of Mxenes, Adv. Mater., 33 (39), 2103393 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.202103393.

W. Zheng, J. Halim, O.A. Per Persson, J. Rosen, M.W. Barsoum, MXene-based symmetric supercapacitors with high voltage and high energy density, Materials Reports: Energy, 1, 100078 (2022); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matre.2022.100078.

X. Gao, X. Du, T.S. Mathis, Maximizing ion accessibility in MXene-knotted carbon nanotube composite electrodes for high-rate electrochemical energy storage, Nat Commun., 11 (1), 1 (2020); https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19992-3.

S. Iravani, R.S. Varmam, MXenes and MXene-based materials for tissue engineering and regenerative medicine: recent advances, Mat. Adv., 2(9), 2906 (2021); https://doi.org/10.1039/D1MA00189B.

M. Alhabeb, et al. Selective etching of silicon from Ti3SiC2 (MAX) to obtain 2D titanium carbide (MXenem), Angew. Chemie Int. Ed., 57, 5444, (2018); https://doi.org/10.1002/anie.201802232.

Y. Zou, Z.M. Sun, S. Tada, H. Hashimoto, Synthesis reactions for Ti3SiC2 through pulse discharge sintering TiH2/Si/TiC powder mixture, Materials Research Bulletin, 43 (4), 968 (2008).

J. F. Li, T. Matsuki, R. Watanabe, Mechanical-alloying-assisted synthesis of Ti3SiC2 powder, Journal of the American Ceramic Societym, 85 (4), 1004, (2002). https://doi.org/10.1111/J.1151-2916.2002.TB00210.X.

S.B. Li, H.X. Zhai, Synthesis and reaction mechanism of Ti3SiC2 by mechanical alloying of elemental Ti, Si, and C powders, Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 88 (8), 2092 (2005); https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2005.00417.x.

C.J. Lu, Z.Q. Li, Structural evolution of the Ti–Si–C system during mechanical alloying, Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 395 (1-2), 88(2005); https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2004.11.046.

Published

2026-08-21

How to Cite

Korablov, D., Ershova, O., Koval, O., Коpаn А., & Solonin, Y. (2026). Influence of Zr and V dopants on the degree of the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase formation by mechanochemistry. Physics and Chemistry of Solid State, 27(3), 463–467. https://doi.org/10.15330/pcss.27.3.463-467

Issue

Section

Scientific articles (Technology)