National sovereignty as a political category: theoretical aspect

Abstract

The article is devoted to the study of such categories as “sovereignty”, “people’s sovereignty”, “state sovereignty”, “national sovereignty”, “people”, “state”, their correlation and significance in ensuring democracy and democracy. The orientation of the development of a young state towards its development as democratic, legal, social requires a comprehensive study of state, people’s and national sovereignty, their correlation and degree of interdependence. These issues became especially relevant with the consolidation by the Constitution of Ukraine of such defining principles as the priority of human rights and freedoms (Article 3 of the Constitution of Ukraine), the sovereignty of the people (Article 5), the principle of separation of powers (Article 6) and the principle of the rule of law (Article 8), on the basis of which the organization and functioning of state power is carried out.
Most researchers argue that the problem of sovereignty remains relevant today. After all, the theory and practice of sovereignty significantly affects other political and legal phenomena today. Under such circumstances, there is a need for a thorough study of the concept and essence of national sovereignty, its forms of implementation, place and significance in the system of political and legal categories. Therefore, far from all aspects of this problem can be considered exhausted.
According to the results of the study, the following conclusions were made: 1) firstly, the sphere and mechanism of state sovereignty is not only the state, but also the entire political system of a given society; 2) secondly, the subjects of national sovereignty are: a citizen as a politically subject member of the nation, the nation as a community of politically full citizens and the national state as a mechanism for expressing the political will of citizens-members of the nation; 3) thirdly, the real content of the content of the category «national sovereignty» reflects the degree of participation of the bulk of the nation’s members in the exercise of political power through various forms of democracy. Reflecting the category of national sovereignty, its result is the degree of implementation of individual and group rights of members of the nation - not only political and cultural, but also economic.
Thus, the basic function of national sovereignty can be defined as the real provision of the entire complex of rights and freedoms of the community of citizens of the national state - the nation as a collective sovereign.