Main trends in the legal regulation of technology parks: foreign experience

Abstract

The article discusses the main trends in the legal regulation of technology parks around the world, as they form the basis of modern innovation infrastructure. It is technology parks that determine the activation of economic turnover in the country and ensure logical links between the scientific sector, the business segment, the state, and local communities.
The author emphasizes the use of various terms in global practice regarding technology parks, in particular “science park,” “technopark,” “research park,” “innovation center,” and “advanced technology development center,” but all of them have the same meaning from a legal point of view. The article concludes that modern science and practice are based on the multifunctionality of technology parks, and therefore, according to the experience of foreign countries, there is no clear distinction between technology parks and science parks, since technology parks with different emphases in their activities are the basis. Such global trends are radically different from domestic legislative practice, where technology parks and science parks have separate special legal regulation.
It has been concluded that, under current conditions, science and technology parks around the world have developed into heterogeneous parks. A heterogeneous technology park is an innovative ecosystem with diverse structures that brings together businesses, universities, incubators, etc. The model of management and interaction depends on local conditions, resources, and strategic goals. Therefore, at the present stage, it is debatable to unequivocally assert the existence of clearly distinct models of legal regulation of technology parks. It is appropriate to talk about a single structure of technology parks, which may focus on either the research or production component in their activities, but in any case, include both of them.