The role of the physical education teacher in dosing physical loads of students in basic secondary education.

Abstract

Summary. The article presents a comparative analysis of traditional and modern methodological approaches to dosing physical activity in physical education classes. It has been determined that traditional approaches oblige the teacher to regulate physical load, whereas modern approaches recommend that students regulate it independently. The aim of the study is to provide a theoretical justification of the role of the physical education teacher in the process of dosing physical activity for learners in general secondary education.

Research results. An analysis of regulatory and legal documents has been carried out, identifying general requirements for creating a health-preserving educational environment in general secondary education institutions. It has been established that pedagogical control of students’ physical activity is regulated at several levels of normative and legal support: legislative (laws of Ukraine), which define general requirements for safety and health protection of learners in basic secondary education; medical (orders of the Ministry of Health), which regulate admission and grouping of students and define the responsibilities of physical education teachers regarding control of students’ physical activity; and pedagogical (state standards, curricula, and recommendations of the Ministry of Education and Science), which determine mandatory requirements for the content, scope, and learning outcomes. The creation of a health-preserving educational environment, as shown by the analysis of specialized educational and methodological literature, is associated with teacher control over physical activity. It has been proven that dosing physical activity is a complex pedagogical process that requires physical education teachers to possess health-preserving competence, as well as knowledge of scientifically grounded determination of the volume, intensity, duration, and frequency of physical exercises in accordance with the age, sex, individual, and medical characteristics of students. It has been determined that assigning the function of regulating physical activity to learners in basic secondary education is unjustified.